Unit+VII


 * ===The Cold War===

Major Aspects of the Cold War

 * Between U.S. and S.U.
 * USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republic is the full name of the country Soviet Union but it was shortened
 * After the war, mutual distrust grew over the deaths of their soldiers
 * American defense was known as containment, which meant they didn't want Russia to expand their power into other countries
 * American had a four fold increase in defense spending claimed from the National Security Council Report that they must be ready to contain communism from expanding
 * America and S.U. were creating deadly bombs and weapons to prepare for war
 * Citizens started to build bomb shelters and run attack drills in school and other places to prepare.
 * S.U. launched the first man in space and launched Sputnik which was the first satellite and object to be in Earth's orbit.
 * N.A.S.A. was started to further space exploration
 * The Red Scare: The fear of Communism
 * America feared of people being "Un-American" or in support of Communism
 * People were Black Listed because of fear that they were communists and couldn't work for a decade for investigation
 * Korean War was between North Korea and South Korea but the S.U. supported North Korea and U.S. supported South Korea
 * Vietnam war-American Failure, was the biggest part of the Cold War because it lasted so long. IT was a failure to Americans because communism spread there and is still a communist country to this day

2. Cold War Map

2 You see how communist countries and capitalist countries differ, Allirs have power naround Germany, China was not under S.U.s power but were communists. Quotes Cold War began with the division of Europe. It can only end when Europe is whole.

‍- President George H.W. Bush
To end the Cold war Europe must be whole all communist all democratidc

At the present moment in world history nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life. The choice is too often not a free one. One way of life is based upon the will of the majority, and is distinguished by free institutions, representative government, free elections, guarantees of individual liberty, freedom of speech and religion, and freedom from political oppression. The second way of life is based upon the will of a minority forcibly imposed upon the majority. It relies upon terror and oppression, a controlled press and radio, fixed elections, and the suppression of personal freedoms. ====‍- President Harry Truman====
 * Choices- Democracy or Communism
 * The second way of life relies upon terror, opression, controlled press and radio, fixed elections, and no personal freedom

==‍3. "The people who cast the votes don't decide an election, the people who count the votes do."==

‍-Joseph Stalin

 * Corruption and Bribary describes these elections

‍Speech delivered by President Harry S. Truman to Congress - March 12, 1947

 * What the Truman Doctrine was was a way to fight for the freedom of others and it voiced America's rejection of communism.
 * Policy was to help countries resist communism through use of economic aid
 * CONTAINMENT- Don't let communism spread

B. The Basics
 * 1) ===‍Who was the Cold War between? The U.S. and Allies and the S.U. and their Allies===
 * 2) ===‍When was the Cold War? 1945-1991 lasted so long because it was a cold war===
 * 3) ===‍Why did it occur? What was it over? Fear of communism and competition of advancements economically, over the types of government people were going to have after WWII (ex. Germany, Vietnam, Poland, Japan etc.)===
 * 4) ===‍Why is it called "the Cold War?" Didn't lead to direct military fighting- it was mostly a war of ideas and trying to spread democracy or communism===
 * 5) ===‍We will complete the following chart:===


 * || ECONOMY || DESCRIPTION || POLITICS || DESCRIPTION ||
 * THE UNITED STATES || ===Capitalism=== || * ===Citizens run the businesses===
 * ===competition drives the industries=== || ===Democracy=== || * ===People control the government by picking their representatives===
 * ===many individual rights and freedoms=== ||
 * THE SOVIET UNION || ===Communism=== || * ===government runs the economy=== || ===Dictatorship=== || * ===One person with complete power===
 * ===limited individual rights and freedoms=== ||

Communism- in theory is about trying to have a classless society- no rich, no poor Stalin had refused to hold free elections after he had promised to Manhattan project produced the first atomic bomb The Allies split Germanuy into different nations Truman said that the U.S were going ro stay period NATO- U.S;s alliance with democratic countries Warsaw Pact- Soviet Union's alliance with communist countries Berlin Airlift- Sending in supplies to keep west berlin from becoming communist 6 Questions . Communism is also very stiricts on laws. America feared that communism would take away peoples freedom and rights as a person They thought capitalism was an injust way to live to let outhers compete for their ego. And they doin't like America becouase they are against what they believe in.

Video: Korean War

 * Truman's Policy halted communism in Europe
 * June 1950 Communist army North Korea attacked South Korea- First Military battle in the Cold War
 * The Invasion was sucessful by North Korea
 * General MacArthur underestimated the enemy as China struck hard
 * 60,000 enemy troops were killed and the marines escaped
 * American troops fought and died in China for 2 years
 * Truman believed in the domino theory

The Cold War on the Home Front

 * U.S. felt communism was a disease and needed to be quarantined
 * The Hollywood 10 were condemned and questioned by Congress
 * Ronald Reagan was an actor at the time and was questioned as well
 * President Truman viewed a new law as a threat to freedom of speech, press and assembly

The Marshall Plan

 * U.S. Program that helped European countries rebuild their economies after WWII
 * They helped to combat against communism.
 * 1948-1952 13 Billion from the U.S. aid to 17 European countries
 * Most money to Britain, France, Italy and West Germany
 * It started with Greece and Turkey and it was very successful, helps with containment
 * Named after George T. Marshall the Secretary of State





McCarthyism

 * Named after Joseph McCarthy senator from Wisconsin
 * It's a belief in exposing communists wherever they were including the U.S. government
 * Claimed to have a list of 205 communists in the state department
 * Felt Marshall and Truman were supportive of communism if not communists themselves
 * Turned out to have very little evidence