Unit+IV


 * ===**THE UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR I**===

> **It started over the death of Archduke Ferdinand ** > **At the beginning of the war, The U.S.'s President Woodrow Wilson declared the country neutral in the war ** > **They stepped in the war because of the sinking of the Lusitania by a German U-boat which killed 128 American passengers ** Cargo Ship "Housatonic" that was sunken by Germany
 * **World War I started on July 18, 1914 to November 11, 1918**
 * **U.S. occupied Santa Domingo on November 29th, 1916 **
 * ** President Wilson still was viewed as a man of peace while from Charles Evans Hughes he was vieweed as a warmonger. **

TRENCH WARFARE

 * A Trench warfare is a way of war where they took their forces underground for safety and sneak attacks.
 * New weapons in World War 1 included: Rifles, Gas, Machine guns, Zeppelin, Tanks, Planes, and Torpedoes.
 * Machine Guns had long range so they could attack from far away, gas to suffocate men by the air, Zeppelins and planes had bombs but planes also were armed with machine guns and cannons, tanks were to protect men on the western front

America's Steps to Joining the War

 * America declares neutrality
 * They are appauled by the destruction of trench warfare
 * America wanted Britain to win but wanted tp stay neutral
 * Declared war on Germany after a German U-Boat sinks a cargo ship of theirs.

Causes of World War I Video:
 * 1) **Imperialism** - Everyone wanted more land, resources, and power. Great Britain and France already had an empire and Germany had wanted one so then they soon collided.
 * 2) **Nationalism** - was rampid in the European country. Gaining strength and pride in one's own country.
 * 3) **Millitarism** - Many European powers claimed new colonies and beefed up their militaries.
 * 4) **Alliances** - To protect their interests and gain even more strength. Britain, France, Russia. Another one is: Germany, Austria Hungary, Ottoman Empire. U.S. joined alliances in the year 1917.


 * Spark that started the fighting** - the murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand from Austria - Hungary by an angry suburbian nationalist.
 * For three years the United States avoided the conflicts between all countries but soon after joined the war in the year 1917.
 * Ottoman Empire, Germany and Austria - Hungary was known as the " Central powers "
 * Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy and Japan were all alliances which were joined in the year 1917 by the United States.
 * The great war was four years 1914 - 1918.
 * By the end of the war more than 9 million soldiers had been killed and 21 million more soldiers were wounded.
 * Trench warfare and new weapons such as tanks, gas, and etc. led to an increased amount of number of deaths.
 * In the year 1919, the Treaty of Versailles which determined post-war borders from Europe to the Middle East was signed.
 * Treaty of Versailles acted as a peace treaty

Women's Role in World War 1

 * In 1901 to 1908 the Army and Navy opened the doors for women to join the war
 * Nearly 13,000 women enlisted in the Navy and Marine Corps which was the first time for women to be admitted to a military rank or status
 * Some women worked as nurses in the war for injured soldiers and a lot of them got medals for their honorable work
 * It would be 23 years after the war that women would be considered a part of the U.S. military.
 * Women's efforts in the war pushed the signing of the 19th Amendment
 * President Woodrow Wilson pleaded with the Senate to pass the 19th Amendment off of how well and dedicated the women were in the war and what they did to help the war.

Outcomes of World War 1

 * The Allies won the war because they had fresh troops and the U.S. joined them in the war effort.
 * The U.S. became a stronger power, pretty much becoming the most powerful country of the world.
 * Im the maps power shifted between countries, new countries were created, Austria Hungary were split into two countries and lost a lot of land.
 * Some of the key details in Wilson's proposal for peace was for Freedom with trade and navigation, restoration of territories of Russia and France, redrawing borders of countries including Italy and Balkan states, and dividing up Austria.
 * Key details from the Treaty of Versailles was that it limited German forces to a certain number, Created 9 new nations and forced Germany to give up land and surrender their colonies to the League of Nations, and had Germany pay reparations of 132 billion gold marks.
 * The U.S. Congress voted against signing the Treaty of Versailles
 * No because the Spanish American War didn't have as much casualties and it didn't last as long as World War I did.
 * The Treaty and WWI ended bad with German and people in Germany felt like they weren't getting treated fairly and that the Treaty was another way to humiliate them even more.

Terms

 * neutrality- When you are on neither side, you're in the middle
 * isolationism- Not to enter into other affairs
 * unrestricted submarine warfare- Germany attacking ships that they thought were against them that were near the country
 * the Lusitania- Ship that was sunken by Germany, 128 killed
 * the Zimmerman Note- Note from Germany to Mexico to negotiate to make war with the U.S., Mexico declined.
 * trench warfare- War tactic where soldiers were fighting underground in holes to get an advantage on the enemy.
 * propaganda- giving information to influence someone
 * the home front- What's going on in the country or with the people
 * Selective Service Act- A draft where you can be demanded to be in the army
 * Wilson's 14 Points- President Wilson's proposal for peace
 * The Treaty of Versailles- Treaty after the war that limited Germans forces and created League of Nations